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Frederick Wiseman (born January 1, 1930) is an American filmmaker, documentarian, and theatrical director. ==Biography== Wiseman was born in Boston, Massachusetts, the son of Gertrude Leah (née Kotzen) and Jacob Leo Wiseman.〔(Frederick Wiseman Biography (1930-) ). Filmreference.com. Retrieved on 2014-05-22.〕 He gained a Bachelor of Arts from Williams College in 1951 and a Bachelor of Laws from Yale Law School in 1954. He spent 1954 to 1956 serving in the U.S. Military. Wiseman spent a few years in Paris before coming back and started teaching law at Boston University's Institute of Law and Medicine. He then started documentary filmmaking, and has won numerous film awards, as well as Guggenheim and MacArthur fellowships.〔(Frederick Wiseman (biography) ), ''The New York Times'', December 20, 2014〕 〔 In 2003, Wiseman was awarded the Dan David Prize for his outstanding films, which make us reckon with our emotions and the cost to society of marginalizing those who cannot speak for themselves.〔(【引用サイトリンク】 access-date = 4 November 2015 )〕 In 2006, Wiseman received the George Polk Career Award, given annually by Long Island University to honor contributions to journalistic integrity and investigative reporting. The first feature-length film that Wiseman produced was ''The Cool World'' in 1963. He next produced and directed ''Titicut Follies'' (1967). He has both produced and directed all of his films since. They chiefly are studies of social institutions: for example, hospital, high school, police department. All have been aired on PBS, one of his primary funders. The style of Wiseman's films is often referred to as the observational mode, which has its roots in direct cinema. However, Wiseman dislikes the term: :What I try to do is edit the films so that they will have a dramatic structure, that is why I object to some extent to the term observational cinema or cinéma vérité, because observational cinema to me at least connotes just hanging around with one thing being as valuable as another and that is not true. At least that is not true for me and cinema verité is just a pompous French term that has absolutely no meaning as far as I'm concerned.〔 In spring 2012 Wiseman took actively part in the three month exposition of Whitney Biennial. In 2014 he was awarded the Golden Lion for Lifetime Achievement at the 71st Venice International Film Festival.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Thelma Schoonmaker and Frederick Wiseman Golden Lions for Lifetime Achievement )〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Frederick Wiseman」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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